A distinction is made between two types of ballast: conventional and electronic ballasts.
When buying a conventional ballast (CB), make sure that it is usually operated with an external starter. With electronic ballasts (ECG), you do not need an external starter, as the ECG also takes over the function of the ignition device.
LED lamps also require an operating device, only this is called an "LED driver". Did you know that flickering is not normal with LED lamps? As a rule, they are known for flicker-free operation. So if your LED light should flicker or fail completely, you should check a possibly installed dimmer for suitability and then choose a suitable dimmer especially for LED. This is because many LED lamps do not reach the so-called minimum load required for some conventional transformers or dimmers, which can result in flickering.
In contrast to LEDs, flickering is normal when fluorescent lamps are operated with a conventional ballast when switched on. This is because the lamp may require several ignition starts. This is where an electronic starter helps. Electronic VG ignite in contrast to the conventional flicker-free.